Selasa, 04 Desember 2012

Penatalaksanaan HIV - AIDS



PENATALAKSANAAN
Penatalaksanaan HIV -AIDS pada dasarnya meliputi aspek Medis Klinis, Psikologis dan Aspek Sosial.
1.      Aspek Medis meliputi :
a.                              Pengobatan Suportif.
Penilaian gizi penderita sangat perlu dilakukan dari awal sehingga tidak terjadi hal hal yang berlebihan dalam pemberian nutrisi atau terjadi kekurangan nutrisi yang dapat menyebabkan perburukan keadaan penderita dengan cepat. Penyajian makanan hendaknya bervariatif sehingga penderita dapat tetap berselera makan. Bila nafsu makan penderita sangat menurun dapat dipertimbangkan pemakaian obat Anabolik Steroid. Proses Penyedian makanan sangat perlu diperhatikan agar pada saat proses tidak terjadi penularan yang fatal tanpa kita sadari. Seperti misalnya pemakaian alat-alat memasak, pisau untuk memotong daging tidak boleh digunakan untuk mengupas buah, hal ini di maksudkan untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan Toksoplasma, begitu juga sebaliknya untuk mencegah penularan jamur.
b.      Pencegahan dan pengobatan infeksi Oportunistik.
Meliputi penyakit infeksi Oportunistik yang sering terdapat pada penderita infeksi HIV dan AIDS.
1)      Tuberkulosis
Sejak epidemi AIDS maka kasus TBC meningkat kembali. Dosis INH 300 mg setiap hari dengan vit B6 50 mg paling tidak untuk masa satu tahun.
2)      Toksoplasmosis
Sangat perlu diperhatikan makanan yang kurang masak terutama daging yang kurang matang. Obat :  TMP-SMX  1 dosis/hari.
3)      CMV
Virus ini dapat menyebabkan Retinitis dan dapat menimbulkan kebutaam. Ensefalitis, Pnemonitis pada paru, infeksi saluran cernak yang dapat menyebabkan luka pada usus. Obat  :  Gansiklovir kapsul 1 gram tiga kali sehari.
4)      Jamur
Jamur yang paling sering ditemukan pada penderita AIDS adalah jamur Kandida. Obat  :  Nistatin  500.000 u per hari Flukonazol 100 mg per hari.

c.       Pengobatan Antiretroviral (ARV)
1)      Jangan gunakan obat tunggal atau 2 obat
2)   Selalu gunakan minimal kombinasi 3 ARV disebut “HAART” (Highly Active Anti Retroviral therapy)
3)  Kombinasi ARV lini pertama pasien naïve (belum pernah pakai ARV sebelumnya) yang dianjurkan : 2NRTI + 1 NNRTI.
4)      Di Indonesia :
a)   Lini pertama     : AZT + 3TC + EFV atau NVP
b)   Alternatif          : d4T + 3TC + EFV atau NVP AZT atau d4T + 3TC + 1PI (LPV/r)
5)      Terapi seumur hidup, mutlak perlu kepatuhan karena resiko cepat terjadi resisten bila sering lupa minum obat.

2.      Aspek Psikologis, meliputi :
a.       Perawatan personal dan dihargai
b.      Mempunyai seseorang untuk diajak bicara tentang masalah-masalahnya
c.       Jawaban-jawaban yang jujur dari lingkungannya
d.      Tindak lanjut medis
e.       Mengurangi penghalang untuk pengobatan
f.       Pendidikan/penyuluhan tentang kondisi mereka

3.      Aspek Sosial.
Seorang penderita HIV AIDS setidaknya membutuhkan bentuk dukungan dari lingkungan sosialnya. Dimensi dukungan sosial meliputi 3 hal:
a.       Emotional support, miliputi; perasaan nyaman, dihargai, dicintai, dan diperhatikan
b.      Cognitive support, meliputi informasi, pengetahuan dan nasehat
c.       Materials support, meliputi bantuan / pelayanan berupa sesuatu barang dalam mengatasi suatu masalah. (Nursalam, 2007)
Dukungan sosial terutama dalam konteks hubungan yang akrab atau kualitas hubungan perkawinan dan keluarga barangkali merupakan sumber dukungan sosial yang paling penting. House (2006) membedakan empat jenis dimensi dukungan social :
a.       Dukungan Emosional
Mencakup ungkapan empati, kepedulian dan perhatian terhadap pasien dengan HIV AIDS yang bersangkutan
b.      Dukungan Penghargaan
Terjadi lewat ungkapan hormat / penghargaan positif untuk orang lain itu, dorongan maju atau persetujuan dengan gagasan atau perasaan individu dan perbandingan positif orang itu dengan orang lain
c.       Dukungan Instrumental
Mencakup bantuan langsung misalnya orang memberi pinjaman uang, kepada penderita HIV AIDS yang membutuhkan untuk pengobatannya
d.      Dukungan Informatif
Mencakup pemberian nasehat, petunjuk, sarana.

6 komentar:

  1. here my secound topixs of testifying DR AKHIGBE,my name remain LAURIE HUGHES . I will never stop testifying DR AKHIGBE , Happiness is all i see now I never thought that I will be cured from HIV virus again. DR AKHIGBE did it for me I have been suffering from a deadly disease (HIV) for the past 2 years now, I had spent a lot of money going from one place to another, from churches to churches, hospitals have been my home every day residence. Constant checks up have been my hobby not until this faithful day, I saw a testimony on how DR AKHIGBE helped someone in curing his HIV disease in internet quickly I copied his email which is drrealakhigbe@gmail.com just to give him a test I spoke to him, he asked me to do some certain things which I did, he told me that he is going to provide the herbal cure to me, which he did, then he asked me to go for medical checkup after some days, after using the herbal cure and i did, behold I was free from the deadly disease,till now no HIVin me again he only asked me to post the testimony through the whole world, faithfully am doing it now,all the testimony of DR AKHIGBE is true please BROTHER and SISTER, MOTHER and FATHER he is great, I owe him in return. if you are having a similar problem just email him on drrealakhigbe@gmail.com or you can whatsApp his mobile number on +2348142454860 He can also cure this diseases like HIVand AIDS,DIABETICES,HEPATITIS B ABC,FLU,CANCER,GONORRHEA,LASSA FEVER,GONORRHEA,MENOPAUSE DISEASE, DISEASE SKIN , LOW COUNT SPERM .ETC .piease email drrealakhigbe@gmail.com...or whatAPPhim ..+2348142454860 he is a real good and honest man.

    BalasHapus
  2. There are some natural remedies that can be used in the prevention and eliminate diabetes totally. However, the single most important aspect of a diabetes control plan is adopting a wholesome life style Inner Peace, Nutritious and Healthy Diet, and Regular Physical Exercise. A state of inner peace and self-contentment is essential to enjoying a good physical health and over all well-being. The inner peace and self contentment is a just a state of mind.People with diabetes diseases often use complementary and alternative medicine. I diagnosed diabetes in 2000. Was at work feeling unusually tired and sleepy. I borrowed a glucometer from a co-worker and tested at 760. Went immediately to my doctor and he gave me prescription like: Insulin ,Sulfonamides, but I could not get the cure rather to reduce the pain and brink back the pain again. I found a woman testimony name Comfort online how Dr Akhigbe cure her HIV  and I also contacted the doctor and after I took his medication as instructed, I am now completely free from diabetes by doctor Akhigbe herbal medicine.So diabetes patients reading this testimony to contact his email     drrealakhigbe@gmail.com   or his Number   +2348142454860   He also use his herbal herbs to diseases like:SPIDER BITE, SCHIZOPHRENIA, LUPUS,EXTERNAL INFECTION, COMMON COLD, JOINT PAIN, BODY PAIN, EPILEPSY,STROKE,TUBERCULOSIS ,STOMACH DISEASE. ECZEMA, PROGERIA, EATING DISORDER, LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTION,  DIABETICS,HERPES,HIV/AIDS, ;ALS,  CANCER , MENINGITIS,HEPATITIS A AND B, THYROID, ASTHMA, HEART DISEASE, CHRONIC DISEASE. AUTISM, NAUSEA VOMITING OR DIARRHEA,KIDNEY DISEASE, WEAK ERECTION. EYE TWITCHING PAINFUL OR IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION.Dr Akhigbe is a good man and he heal any body that come to him. here is email    drrealakhigbe@gmail.com    and his Number +2349010754824

    BalasHapus
  3. HELLO
    My name is Mark.am from Germany.i have been suffering from HIV/AIDS for 3 years.and still looking for a solution to my disease but still i could not find any cure but just 2 months ago a friend of mine from college came to visit me in the hospital and told me a similar problem of his cousin.who was suffering from HERPES who was cure by a herbalist called DR SCOFUA. he is a great healer and my friend advice me to contact him so that i can be cure from HIV/AIDS.which i did and now am free from HIV/AIDS so i just want to use this opportunity to say a well deserve THANK YOU to DR SCOFUA.You can also contact him if you have any problem via Email:drscofuaherbalhome02219@gmail.com. HE ALSO CURES OTHER DISEASES LIKE (1).HERPES CURE(2).ALS (3).HEPATITIS (4).HPV CURE(5).SPIRITUAL HEALINGS(6).CANCER (7).ASTHMA(8).DIABETES (9) LOW SPERM

    BalasHapus
  4. My name is Donald Boykins, I'm here to appreciate Dr Akhigbe for using his herbal medicine to cure my herpes virus. Is about 3 years and 6 months now I have been living with this virus and it have really really be a serious problem to me, I was so confused cause I have been taking several drugs to be cure but all of my effort was in vain, one morning was browsing through the internet then I saw several testimonies about Dr Akhigbe curing people from herpes virus and Immediately I contacted Dr Akhigbe on his email:  drrealakhigbe@gmail.com. I told him about my troubles and he told me that I must be cured. He gave me instructions and which I rightly followed, so he prepared a herbal medicine and sent it to me which I used for three weeks and I was cured totally everything was like a dream to me and my herpes was permanently gone. Dr Akhigbe God bless you and give you the power and wisdom for more cure, I don't know if there is any one out there suffering for herpes virus or any other of there diseases. DIABETES, CANCER, HIV/AIDS, HERPES, HEPATITIS A&B, HEART DISEASES, CHRONIC DISEASES,  YELLO FEVER, EPILEPSY, LUPUS, STRIKE, SPINAL CORD, ECZEMA, KIDNEY DISEASES, ACME, BACK PAIN,   DENGUE SCHIZOPHRENIA, POLIO,MULTIPLES SCLEROSIS, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, VAGINAL  DISCHARGETHYROID, ARTHRITIS, MENINGITIS.etcWhy don't you contact Doctor Akhigbe and be free from your diseases because he is very good and honest herbalist doctor, he is also know as the godfather of herbal root. Contact him now via his email:   drrealakhigbe@gmail.com         or whatsapp   him on     +2349010754824.         website https:drrealakhigbe.weebly.com

    BalasHapus
  5. There is a safe & effective Natural Herbal Medicine. For Total Cure Call    +2349010754824,  or email him   drrealakhigbe@gmail.com       For an Appointment with (Dr.) AKHIGBE contact him. Treatment with Natural Herbal Cure. For:Dengue Fever, Malaria. Painful or Irregular Menstruation. HIV/Aids. Diabetics. Vaginal Infections. Vaginal Discharge. Itching Of the Private Part. Breast Infection. Discharge from Breast. Breast Pain & Itching. Lower Abdominal Pain. No Periods or Periods Suddenly Stop. Women Sexual Problems. High Blood Pressure Chronic Disease. Pain during Sex inside the Pelvis. Pain during Urination. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, (PID). Dripping Of Sperm from the Vagina As Well As for Low sperm count. Parkinson disease. Obesity, Lupus. Soreness/Injury  Cancer.  Tuberculosis.  Zero sperm count. Bacteria, Impotence Fertility,Protoplasmic, Diarrhea. Hepatitis A&B, Rabies. Asthma.  Quick Ejaculation. Gallstone, Cystic Fibrosis, Schizophrenia, Crubs, Cirrhosis,  Premature Ejaculation. Herpes. Joint Pain. Stroke. Cornelia Disease, Weak Erection. Ovarian problem,  HeartBurn, Erysipelas, Thyroid, Relapsing polychondritis,  Discharge from Penis. Bronchial Problem,  HPV.  Hepatitis A and B. STD. Smallpox, Staphylococcus + Gonorrhea + Syphilis. Heart Disease.  Pile-Hemorrhoid.rheumatism,  Impotence, thyroid, Autism, Depression,  Sepsis Bacteria,  Penis enlargement, Prostate Problem,  Waist & Back Pain.  Male Infertility and Female Infertility. Etc. Take Action Now. contact him & Order for your Natural Herbal Medicine:  +2349010754824  and email him    drrealakhigbe@gmail.com    Note For an Appointment with (Dr.) AKHIGBE.I suffered in Cancer for a year and three months dying in pain and full of heartbreak. One day I was searching through the internet and I came across a testimony of herpes cure by doctor Akhigbe. So I contacted him to try my luck, we talked and he sent me the medicine through courier service and with instructions on how to be drinking it.To my greatest surprise drinking the herbal medicine within three weeks I got the changes and I was cured totally. I don't really know how it happens but there is power in Dr Akhigbe herbal medicine. He is a good herbalist doctor.

    BalasHapus
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    BalasHapus