PENATALAKSANAAN
Penatalaksanaan
HIV -AIDS pada dasarnya meliputi aspek Medis Klinis, Psikologis dan Aspek
Sosial.
1. Aspek Medis meliputi :
a. Pengobatan
Suportif.
Penilaian gizi penderita sangat
perlu dilakukan dari awal sehingga tidak terjadi hal hal yang berlebihan dalam
pemberian nutrisi atau terjadi kekurangan nutrisi yang dapat menyebabkan
perburukan keadaan penderita dengan cepat. Penyajian makanan hendaknya
bervariatif sehingga penderita dapat tetap berselera makan. Bila nafsu makan
penderita sangat menurun dapat dipertimbangkan pemakaian obat Anabolik Steroid.
Proses Penyedian makanan sangat perlu diperhatikan agar pada saat proses tidak
terjadi penularan yang fatal tanpa kita sadari. Seperti misalnya pemakaian
alat-alat memasak, pisau untuk memotong daging tidak boleh digunakan untuk
mengupas buah, hal ini di maksudkan untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan
Toksoplasma, begitu juga sebaliknya untuk mencegah penularan jamur.
b.
Pencegahan
dan pengobatan infeksi Oportunistik.
Meliputi penyakit infeksi Oportunistik
yang sering terdapat pada penderita infeksi HIV dan AIDS.
1) Tuberkulosis
Sejak
epidemi AIDS maka kasus TBC meningkat kembali. Dosis INH 300 mg setiap hari
dengan vit B6 50 mg paling tidak untuk masa satu tahun.
2) Toksoplasmosis
Sangat perlu diperhatikan makanan
yang kurang masak terutama daging yang kurang matang. Obat :
TMP-SMX 1 dosis/hari.
3) CMV
Virus
ini dapat menyebabkan Retinitis dan dapat menimbulkan kebutaam. Ensefalitis,
Pnemonitis pada paru, infeksi saluran cernak yang dapat menyebabkan luka pada
usus. Obat : Gansiklovir kapsul 1 gram tiga kali sehari.
4) Jamur
Jamur yang paling sering ditemukan
pada penderita AIDS adalah jamur Kandida. Obat : Nistatin
500.000 u per hari Flukonazol 100 mg per hari.
c.
Pengobatan
Antiretroviral (ARV)
1) Jangan gunakan obat tunggal atau 2
obat
2) Selalu gunakan minimal kombinasi 3
ARV disebut “HAART” (Highly Active Anti Retroviral therapy)
3) Kombinasi ARV lini pertama pasien
naïve (belum pernah pakai ARV sebelumnya) yang dianjurkan : 2NRTI + 1 NNRTI.
4) Di Indonesia :
a)
Lini
pertama : AZT + 3TC + EFV atau NVP
b)
Alternatif : d4T + 3TC + EFV atau NVP AZT atau
d4T + 3TC + 1PI (LPV/r)
5) Terapi seumur hidup, mutlak perlu
kepatuhan karena resiko cepat terjadi resisten bila sering lupa minum obat.
2. Aspek Psikologis, meliputi :
a.
Perawatan personal dan dihargai
b.
Mempunyai seseorang untuk diajak bicara
tentang masalah-masalahnya
c.
Jawaban-jawaban yang jujur dari
lingkungannya
d.
Tindak lanjut medis
e.
Mengurangi penghalang untuk pengobatan
f.
Pendidikan/penyuluhan tentang kondisi
mereka
3. Aspek Sosial.
Seorang
penderita HIV AIDS setidaknya membutuhkan bentuk dukungan dari lingkungan
sosialnya. Dimensi
dukungan sosial meliputi 3 hal:
a. Emotional
support, miliputi; perasaan nyaman, dihargai, dicintai, dan
diperhatikan
b. Cognitive
support, meliputi informasi, pengetahuan dan nasehat
c.
Materials support,
meliputi bantuan / pelayanan berupa sesuatu barang dalam mengatasi suatu
masalah. (Nursalam,
2007)
Dukungan sosial terutama dalam konteks hubungan yang akrab
atau kualitas hubungan perkawinan dan keluarga barangkali merupakan sumber
dukungan sosial yang paling penting. House (2006) membedakan empat jenis
dimensi dukungan social :
a.
Dukungan
Emosional
Mencakup ungkapan empati, kepedulian dan perhatian terhadap
pasien dengan HIV AIDS yang bersangkutan
b.
Dukungan
Penghargaan
Terjadi lewat ungkapan hormat / penghargaan positif untuk
orang lain itu, dorongan maju atau persetujuan dengan gagasan atau perasaan
individu dan perbandingan positif orang itu dengan orang lain
c.
Dukungan
Instrumental
Mencakup bantuan langsung misalnya orang memberi pinjaman
uang, kepada penderita HIV AIDS yang membutuhkan untuk pengobatannya
d.
Dukungan
Informatif
Mencakup
pemberian nasehat, petunjuk, sarana.
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BalasHapusThere are some natural remedies that can be used in the prevention and eliminate diabetes totally. However, the single most important aspect of a diabetes control plan is adopting a wholesome life style Inner Peace, Nutritious and Healthy Diet, and Regular Physical Exercise. A state of inner peace and self-contentment is essential to enjoying a good physical health and over all well-being. The inner peace and self contentment is a just a state of mind.People with diabetes diseases often use complementary and alternative medicine. I diagnosed diabetes in 2000. Was at work feeling unusually tired and sleepy. I borrowed a glucometer from a co-worker and tested at 760. Went immediately to my doctor and he gave me prescription like: Insulin ,Sulfonamides, but I could not get the cure rather to reduce the pain and brink back the pain again. I found a woman testimony name Comfort online how Dr Akhigbe cure her HIV and I also contacted the doctor and after I took his medication as instructed, I am now completely free from diabetes by doctor Akhigbe herbal medicine.So diabetes patients reading this testimony to contact his email drrealakhigbe@gmail.com or his Number +2348142454860 He also use his herbal herbs to diseases like:SPIDER BITE, SCHIZOPHRENIA, LUPUS,EXTERNAL INFECTION, COMMON COLD, JOINT PAIN, BODY PAIN, EPILEPSY,STROKE,TUBERCULOSIS ,STOMACH DISEASE. ECZEMA, PROGERIA, EATING DISORDER, LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTION, DIABETICS,HERPES,HIV/AIDS, ;ALS, CANCER , MENINGITIS,HEPATITIS A AND B, THYROID, ASTHMA, HEART DISEASE, CHRONIC DISEASE. AUTISM, NAUSEA VOMITING OR DIARRHEA,KIDNEY DISEASE, WEAK ERECTION. EYE TWITCHING PAINFUL OR IRREGULAR MENSTRUATION.Dr Akhigbe is a good man and he heal any body that come to him. here is email drrealakhigbe@gmail.com and his Number +2349010754824
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BalasHapusMy name is Mark.am from Germany.i have been suffering from HIV/AIDS for 3 years.and still looking for a solution to my disease but still i could not find any cure but just 2 months ago a friend of mine from college came to visit me in the hospital and told me a similar problem of his cousin.who was suffering from HERPES who was cure by a herbalist called DR SCOFUA. he is a great healer and my friend advice me to contact him so that i can be cure from HIV/AIDS.which i did and now am free from HIV/AIDS so i just want to use this opportunity to say a well deserve THANK YOU to DR SCOFUA.You can also contact him if you have any problem via Email:drscofuaherbalhome02219@gmail.com. HE ALSO CURES OTHER DISEASES LIKE (1).HERPES CURE(2).ALS (3).HEPATITIS (4).HPV CURE(5).SPIRITUAL HEALINGS(6).CANCER (7).ASTHMA(8).DIABETES (9) LOW SPERM
My name is Donald Boykins, I'm here to appreciate Dr Akhigbe for using his herbal medicine to cure my herpes virus. Is about 3 years and 6 months now I have been living with this virus and it have really really be a serious problem to me, I was so confused cause I have been taking several drugs to be cure but all of my effort was in vain, one morning was browsing through the internet then I saw several testimonies about Dr Akhigbe curing people from herpes virus and Immediately I contacted Dr Akhigbe on his email: drrealakhigbe@gmail.com. I told him about my troubles and he told me that I must be cured. He gave me instructions and which I rightly followed, so he prepared a herbal medicine and sent it to me which I used for three weeks and I was cured totally everything was like a dream to me and my herpes was permanently gone. Dr Akhigbe God bless you and give you the power and wisdom for more cure, I don't know if there is any one out there suffering for herpes virus or any other of there diseases. DIABETES, CANCER, HIV/AIDS, HERPES, HEPATITIS A&B, HEART DISEASES, CHRONIC DISEASES, YELLO FEVER, EPILEPSY, LUPUS, STRIKE, SPINAL CORD, ECZEMA, KIDNEY DISEASES, ACME, BACK PAIN, DENGUE SCHIZOPHRENIA, POLIO,MULTIPLES SCLEROSIS, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, VAGINAL DISCHARGETHYROID, ARTHRITIS, MENINGITIS.etcWhy don't you contact Doctor Akhigbe and be free from your diseases because he is very good and honest herbalist doctor, he is also know as the godfather of herbal root. Contact him now via his email: drrealakhigbe@gmail.com or whatsapp him on +2349010754824. website https:drrealakhigbe.weebly.com
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